CHESTERFIELD COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD
Chesterfield, Virginia

School Board Meeting
Minutes for January 9, 2001


An executive session for discipline, reorganization, and the regular meeting of the Chesterfield County School Board were held on January 9, 2001. The meeting was called to order at five-thirty o'clock in the School Administration Building by Dianne Pettitt.

Present: Dr. James R. Schroeder, Midlothian; Lloyd A. Lenhart, Matoaca; Dianne E. Pettitt, Clover Hill; Marshall W. Trammell, Jr., Bermuda; Elizabeth B. Davis, Dale; Dr. Billy K. Cannaday, Jr., Superintendent; Catherine Clark, Executive Assistant to the Superintendent; Dr. Edgar Wallin, Assistant Superintendent for Instruction; Kathryn Kitchen, Assistant Superintendent for Business and Finance; Dr. Carl Chafin, Assistant Superintendent for Administration; Debra Marlow, Director for Community Relations; and Pat Bartlam, School Board Clerk.

CLOSED MEETING

Mrs. Davis moved that the School Board enter closed meeting pursuant to §2.1-344(A)(2) of the Code to discuss and consider possible suspension and expulsion in Student Cases 2000-2001/17, 2000-2001/18, 2000-2001/19, 2000-2001/20 and 2000-2001/21 and possible readmission in Student Cases 1999-2001/09 and 1997-1998/23. Mr. Trammell seconded the motion, and the Board entered executive session at 5:35 p.m.

Mr. Trammell moved that the Board end executive session and enter regular session; Mrs. Davis seconded the motion, and the Board entered regular session at 6:55 p.m.

On motion of Mr. Trammell, seconded by Mrs. Davis, now, therefore, be it resolved that the School Board hereby certifies that, to the best of each member's knowledge, (i) only public business matters lawfully exempted from open meeting requirements by Virginia law were discussed in the executive session to which this certification resolution applies, and (ii) only such public business
matters as were identified in the motion convening the executive session were heard, discussed, or considered by the School Board.

VOTE:
ABSENT DURING MEETING:
ABSENT DURING EXECUTIVE SESSION:
AYES: Mr. Trammell, Mrs. Davis, Mr. Lenhart, Dr. Schroeder and Mrs. Pettitt


___________________________
Clerk to the Board

Mr. Trammell moved that in Student Case 2000-2001/18 the School Board uphold the Superintendent's recommendation for expulsion. The School Board did not uphold the Superintendent's recommendation for expulsion in Student Case 2000-2001/19. Dr. Schroeder seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

REORGANIZATIONAL AND SCHOOL BOARD MEETING

The meeting was moved to The Public Meeting Room, and the regular meeting was called to order by Dr. Billy K. Cannaday, presiding, at seven-thirty o'clock. Dr. Cannaday stated he would preside until a new School Board Chairman was elected.

Mr. James Cook, Youth Minister at Calvary Wesleyan Church, provided the invocation.

The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America was recited. Students from Gordon Elementary School Carver Middle School participated in the flag ceremony.

ACCEPTANCE OF MINUTES

Mrs. Pettitt moved that the minutes from the December 12, 2000 School Board meeting be approved as presented; Mrs. Davis seconded the motion, and the minutes were approved unanimously.

REORGANIZATION

ELECTION OF CHAIRMAN

Mrs. Pettitt nominated Marshall W. Trammell, Jr. to chair the Chesterfield County School Board for the term January to December 31, 2001. Dr. Schroeder seconded the motion. Mr. Trammell was elected by acclamation.

Dr. Cannaday welcomed Mr. Trammell as the new Chairman of the Chesterfield County School Board. Mr. Trammell presided over the rest of the meeting.

The School Board joined with Mr. Trammell in presenting flowers to Mrs. Pettitt in appreciation for her service as Chairman of the School Board. Mr. Trammell noted this past year has presented many challenges, including the search for a new Superintendent. Mrs. Pettitt has been chairman twice, and both times she has had the task of a new superintendent search. Mrs. Pettitt performed this very difficult task in an outstanding manner. On behalf of the Board, Mr. Trammell thanked Mrs. Pettitt for her dedication and untiring efforts on behalf of the students, teachers, parents, and administrators in the Chesterfield County School System.

ELECTION OF VICE-CHAIRMAN

Mrs. Davis nominated Dr. James Schroeder to serve as Vice-Chairman of the Chesterfield County School Board from January to December 31, 2001. Mr. Lenhart seconded the motion. Dr. Schroeder was elected unanimously to serve as Vice-Chairman.

ELECTION OF CLERK AND DEPUTY CLERKS

Mrs. Pettitt moved that the following persons be elected: Clerk - Patricia W. Bartlam; Deputy Clerks - Dr. Billy K. Cannaday, Jr. and Susan R. Newton. Mrs. Davis seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously. The Clerk and Deputy Clerks are custodians of the School Board records and are authorized to examine and approve claims in accordance with Section 22.1-22, Code of Virginia.

RESOLUTION TO BOND CLERK AND DEPUTY CLERKS

Mrs. Pettitt moved that the Board enter into a corporate surety bond of $100,000 each from an approved national surety for the Clerk and Deputy Clerks. Dr. Schroeder seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

ELECTION OF AGENT AND DEPUTY AGENTS

Mrs. Davis moved that the following persons be elected: Agent - Kathryn S. Kitchen; Deputy Agent - Robert L. Aylor. Mrs. Pettitt seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously. These persons are authorized to sign contracts and are delegated authority to examine and approve claims.

RESOLUTION TO BOND AGENT AND DEPUTY AGENTS

Mrs. Davis moved that the Board enter into a corporate surety bond of $100,000 each from an approved national surety for the Agent and Deputy Agents. Mr. Lenhart seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

SETTING OF MEETING DATES, TIME AND PLACE

Mrs. Davis moved that the following meeting dates be approved for the 2001 calendar year: January 9 and 23, 2001; February 13 and 27, 2001; March 13, 2001; April 24, 2001; May 8 and 22, 2001; June 26, 2001; July 10, 2001; August 28, 2001; September 11 and 25, 2001; October 9 and 23, 2001; November 13, 2001; and December 11, 2001. The closed meetings/work sessions will begin at 5:00 p.m. and will be held at the School Administration Building, 9900 Krause Road, Chesterfield, Virginia. The regular meetings will begin at 7:30 p.m. and will be held at the Public Meeting Room, 9901 Lori Road, Chesterfield, Virginia. If the place or time is changed, the public will be notified. The meeting dates, agenda and minutes are published on the web site. Mr. Lenhart seconded the motion, and the meeting dates were approved unanimously.

AUTHORIZATION OF SIGNATURES IN THE ABSENCE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT

Mrs. Pettitt moved that the following individuals be authorized to sign for the Superintendent: Kathryn S. Kitchen, Assistant Superintendent for Business and Finance; Dr. Carl K. Chafin, Assistant Superintendent for Administration; Catherine L. Clark, Executive Assistant to the Superintendent and Dr. Edgar V. Wallin, Assistant Superintendent for Instruction. Mrs. Davis seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

APPOINTMENT OF A REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE MATH-SCIENCE CENTER

Mr. Trammell appointed Elizabeth B. Davis as the representative to the Math-Science Center for the period of January to December 31, 2001.

APPOINTMENT OF A REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE GOVERNOR'S SCHOOL FOR GOVERNMENT AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES/MAGGIE WALKER FOUNDATION

Mr. Trammell appointed Dianne E. Pettitt to serve as representative to the Governor's School for Government and International Studies/Maggie Walker Foundation for the period of January to December 31, 2001.

APPOINTMENT OF A REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE APPOMATTOX REGIONAL GOVERNOR'S SCHOOL FOR THE ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY

Mr. Trammell appointed Lloyd A. Lenhart to serve as representative for the Appomattox Regional Governor's School for Arts and Technology for the period of January to December 31, 2001.

APPOINTMENT OF A REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE METROPOLITAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CONSORTIUM (MERC)

Marshall W. Trammell, Jr. agreed to serve as representative to the Metropolitan Educational Research Consortium (MERC) for the period of January to December 31, 2001.

APPOINTMENT OF LIAISON COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Marshall W. Trammell, Jr. and Dr. James R. Schroeder will serve as representatives to the Liaison Committee for the period January to December 31, 2001. The purpose of the Liaison Committee is to facilitate communication with the Board of Supervisors relating to financial and policy matters.

APPOINTMENT OF BOARD OF SUPERVISORS/SCHOOL BOARD BENEFITS COMMITTEE

Mr. Trammell appointed Elizabeth B. Davis and Dr. James R. Schroeder to serve as representatives to the Benefits Committee for the period January to December 31, 2001. The primary function of the Benefits Committee is to review staff recommendations regarding health care benefits.

APPOINTMENT OF REPRESENTATIVE TO SCHOOL-TO-WORK ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Mr. Trammell appointed Dianne E. Pettitt to serve as representative to the School-to-Work Advisory committee for the period January to December 31, 2001.

APPOINTMENT OF PETTY CASH ADMINISTRATOR

Mr. Trammell appointed Kathryn S. Kitchen, Assistant Superintendent for Business and Finance, to serve as Petty Cash Administrator for the period January to December 31, 2001.

AGENDA APPROVAL

Mr. Trammell noted that several individuals have requested to address the Board and will be heard under the Public Comment portion of the agenda. Mrs. Pettitt moved that the agenda be approved as presented. Dr. Schroeder seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS

Memorandum #2 - Our Successes Add Up

Dr. Cannaday stated this is an appropriate time to recognize the successes in Chesterfield County. Often times it is believed the successes should be captured at the end of the year; however, there needs to be recognition for hard work done. The more timely the recognition, the more heartfelt it is received. Dr. Cannaday said he could not think of a better way to spend time on the organizational meeting than to recognize the people that make it happen!

Ms. Marlow presented the following recognitions:

The Virginia Naturally 2000 Program. Crestwood Elementary and Manchester Middle Schools were named by Governor Gilmore as Virginia Naturally 2000 schools for exemplary efforts to increase environmental awareness and stewardship. Gail Brown, principal of Crestwood Elementary School and Jeff Ellick, principal of Manchester Middle School were recognized for their outstanding programs.

Chesterfield's art program and teachers. Carla Park, Carver Middle School, was named Middle Art Educator of the Year for Virginia. Noelle Dunlap, Manchester High School, was named High School Art Educator of the Year for the Central Region of Virginia. Chesterfield County's Art Department received a Certificate of Commendation for their countywide celebrations of National Youth Art Month. Lin Ferrell, Instructional Specialist, has received the 2001 Southeastern Region Supervision/Administration Art Educator Award.

R.E.B. Awards for Teaching Excellence. The following were selected by a Community Foundation panel from 165 teachers nominated for the awards by the community: Lamar Brandt of Manchester Middle School won $5,600 for earth science studies in Iceland; Rob Culbertson of Thomas Dale won $9,000 to study cathedrals in Italy; and Rita Driscoll of Bailey Bridge Middle won $5,000 to photograph and study settings in England described by famous writers. Chesterfield finalists who received $500 each are Joanne Gibson, Crenshaw; Taffy Jones-Hayes, Harrowgate; Terri Hale, Meadowbrook; Marjorie Loya, Bonnie Stinson, and Jonathan Twilley of Salem Middle.

American Chemical Society. Susan Price, Midlothian High, was selected as the Distinguished High School Chemistry Teacher of the Year for 2000.

Midlothian High School Boys Cross Country Team. The following won the state championship with an 8-0 record: Austin Smith, Anthony D'Amato, Mike D'Amato, Andrew Baker, Jason Call, Josh Sansbury, Ryan Witt, Jonathan Schmidt, David Caputo, and Taylor Matthews. The team's grade point average is 3.6. The team is coached by Stan Morgan and Jim Melillo. Also selected as Dominion District and Central Region coaches of the year were Mary Allen, girls volleyball; Margie Brooks, field hockey; Stan Morgan, cross country; and Georgia Saunders, girls tennis.

Chesterfield High School Marching Bands. The bands who received superior ratings at the state marching band festival in Gloucester were: Bird, directed by Earl Shaffer; James River, directed by Jim Stegner; and Midlothian, directed by James Hale.

Thomas Dale technology education teacher Christopher Kelly received the presidential citation from the Virginia Technology Education Association for work with the home page development, TSA regional and state leadership, and Technology Education collegiate association leadership.

Cisco. Business teachers Susan Kidd, Thomas Dale, and Linda Lester, James River, received certification from Cisco as certified networking associates. Chesterfield County is the only school division in the state to be designated a Regional Academy for Cisco training, and Thomas Dale is the first school in the state to be a local academy.

Foreign Language. The design and use of Japanese culture kits have been recognized with a Virginia Tech Excellence in Education Award. Ann Martin (James River Librarian), Betty Mariner and Lolly Young (ESL Liaisons) and Jane Baskerville (retired instructional specialist) were cited in an award program in November. Chesterfield's International Education Program hosted 65 fifth grade Colombian exchange students and seven teachers who visited Chesterfield County. The elementary schools participating were: Clover Hill, Jacobs Road, Spring Run, Enon, Curtis and Wells. The Manchester Middle's sister school in Bogota, Colombia represents the program's fourth year of international education under the guidance of Dr. Steven Holbrook.

Golden Rule Foundation. Beth Newton, Crestwood Elementary music teacher, received a $16,000 grant to set up a state-of-the art piano lab at Crestwood that will be the only one in an elementary school in central Virginia.

Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching. Jean Zimmerman, Center-Based-gifted math teacher of Manchester Middle School, is a state finalist for this award. She received a $750 check from the National Science Foundation.

Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Dr. Cannaday said that praise is one of the most important things we can do. He is proud that adults have shown to the young people, that even as one becomes more "senior," it is important to be recognized for hard and high quality work. Dr. Cannaday stated he is proud to recognize a group of leaders who have worked hard behind the scenes to support their teachers, students and community to make certain that school is the best place to have their child educated. Several external reviews stated how this is accomplished. One such review is SACS which speaks to a an exhaustive review of information about students's performance, the climate/culture of the school, parents' surveys, etc. Another area of recognition for principals and schools is with the Standards for Accrediting Schools with regards to schools meeting the performance standards associated with the Standards of Learning. Dr. Cannaday expressed appreciation for the strong leadership in schools.

Several Chesterfield schools were recognized at the Annual Conference. Continuing their accreditation status with SACS are James River High School, Monacan High School and Reams Elementary School. The following schools were accredited by SACS for the first time: Bon Air Elementary, Crestwood Elementary, Davis Elementary, Greenfield Elementary, Providence Elementary, Robious Elementary, Providence Middle and Robious Middle. Schools that are fully accredited by the State Board of Education based on the spring SOL tests are as follows: Bon Air Elementary, Marguerite Christian Elementary, Clover Hill Elementary, Crenshaw Elementary, Crestwood Elementary, Davis Elementary, Ecoff Elementary, Evergreen Elementary, Gordon Elementary, Grange Hall Elementary, Greenfield Elementary, Jacobs Elementary, Robious Elementary, Smith Elementary, Spring Run Elementary, Swift Creek Elementary, Watkins Elementary, Weaver Elementary, Wells Elementary, Woolridge Elementary, Chester Middle, Midlothian Middle, Robious Middle, Swift Creek Middle and Midlothian High School.

Turning Point Academy. EDS national Foundation has presented a grant to Turning Point Academy for $11,000 to provide a new high-powered server for the school, licenses for Plato software for a tutorial program, and training for the staff of Turning Point Academy in implementing the use of the software. EDS is in a joint partnership with Turning Point Academy and DuPont-Teijin Films. Employees of EDS contribute time on a weekly basis to mentor and tutor students. EDS account manager Allen Fowler, public relations spokesperson Lori Ford and Turning Point's principal, Kathryn Burnes, were recognized.

Virginia Commonwealth University Center for Economic Education. Amy Beals, teacher at Swift Creek Elementary was recently recognized as Outstanding Economic Educator of the Year. Also, receiving Honorable Mention status is Mary Alice Cabannis, teacher at Reams Road Elementary, and Patricia Shea at Lloyd C. Bird High School.

SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT

There were no reports.

ACTION ITEMS

Memorandum #1 - Recommended Personnel Action for 2000-2001

Mrs. Pettitt moved that the School Board approve the personnel actions as listed and authorize the Superintendent to offer contracts, make assignments, approve appropriate salary placements in accordance with adopted salary scales or give appropriate notice of the action taken. Mr. Lenhart seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

Dr. Cannaday introduced Ms. Pamla Mann, Deputy Clerk to the School Board.

Memorandum #3 - Design Contract for Chalkley Elementary Additions and Renovations

Mrs. Kitchen reminded the Board that in the fall, the Board approved making renovations to two elementary schools - Hening and Chalkley - in lieu of building a new elementary school in the Dale District. The Chalkley project will eliminate all the trailers and provide permanent space for instructional programs to accommodate 910 students, renovating their administrative area for efficiency, building a new media center, creating additional space for art and music, and improving circulation both inside the building and outside the building. It is hoped these projects will be bid in the fall of next year.

After reviewing the limits of work for the project, Moseley Harris & McClintock submitted a proposal for architectural services for $325,120 which includes surveying services.

Mrs. Davis moved that the School Board authorize the superintendent to enter into an agreement with Moseley Harris & McClintock for the design contract including surveying services for Chalkley Elementary in the amount of $325,120. Mrs. Pettitt seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

Memorandum #4 - Design Contract for Hening Elementary Additions and Renovations

On September 7, Chesterfield County Public Schools received seven proposals for architectural services for the additions and renovations to Hening Elementary. The architectural committee selected Richardson Architects. After reviewing the limits of work for the project, Richardson Architects submitted a proposal for architectural services for $129,200.

Mrs. Davis moved that the School Board authorize the Superintendent to enter into an agreement with Richardson Architects for the design contract including surveying services for Hening Elementary in the amount of $129,200. Mrs. Pettitt seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

Mrs. Davis stated that the decision to renovate these two elementary schools rather than build a new elementary school in the Dale District was not made in a vacuum. There were lengthy discussions with faculty, staff and families in the Chalkley and Hening Schools to proceed in this manner. It was felt this was a better way to serve more children. To build a new elementary school would serve 500 students; these projects will serve about 1500 students. This is a much better use of taxpayers dollars and is proof that attention is being paid to the district and making adjustments as needed. Mrs. Davis thanked all those in the Dale District - particularly the principals - who worked to facilitate these meetings.

Memorandum #114 (2000) - Approval of Capital Improvement Program (CIP Annual Update - 2002-2007

A public hearing for input on the CIP was held on December 12, 2000. There were no speakers at that time. Information was presented to the Board for their review.

Mrs. Davis moved that the 2002-2007 Annual Update of the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) be approved and authorize the superintendent to transmit the CIP to the County Administrator. Mrs. Pettitt seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

Memorandum #121 (200) - Naming of Monacan Baseball Field

The principal of Monacan High School, Ms. Deborah Hinton, has requested that the baseball field at Monacan High School be named for David M. George, long-time coach and mentor. Information regarding this request was presented to the School Board at the December 12, 2000 School Board meeting. Consistent with School Board Policy No. 616, it is the prerogative of the School Board to name all schools, stadiums or athletic fields.

Mrs. Pettitt moved that the baseball field at Monacan High School be named the David M. George Baseball Field in honor of Mr. David M. George. Mr. Lenhart seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.


ANNOUNCEMENTS, COMMUNICATIONS, SCHOOL BOARD COMMENTS AND COMMITTEE REPORTS

Dr. Schroeder stated he would like to echo Dr. Cannaday's comments on celebration. When one looks at the life of an organization, the need to celebrate successes is important. He stated he hoped this was a model for teachers and parents - to find moments to celebrate with children. He thanked Dr. Cannaday for his leadership.

Dr. Cannaday announced that there will be a celebration for the Teachers of the Year. It is important that the community and peers recognize the outstanding work of the teachers. A business sponsored recognition for all the Teachers of the Year is planned. Also, a special celebration for James River High School is planned in recognition of being named a Blue Ribbon School. This recognition represents an exhaustive review with important indicators of a successful school in response to its community. James River is one of seven in the State of Virginia to receive this award.

Mr. Lenhart thanked Mrs. Pettitt for her service this past year as chairman. As a new member of the Board, he enjoyed following her lead on items and thanked her for the professionalism she brought. Dr. Schroeder also thanked Mrs. Pettitt for her outstanding leadership. Dr. Cannaday thanked Mrs. Pettitt for her leadership and her sensitivity to make certain the full Board worked in concert to make decisions in the best interest of students and employees.

Mr. Trammell announced that the next School Board meeting will be held on January 23; the first work session on budget will be held January 30 at 5:30 p.m. Mr. Trammell reminded the public of a change in format for some of the meetings. The first meeting of each month will follow the usual format of awards and recognitions, personnel and items for approval regarding operations and finance. In months having a second meeting, the Board will schedule a work session to discuss timely and important issues facing the Board. Previously, the Board has scheduled such work sessions quarterly on Fridays. Devoting some time to these discussions in the regularly scheduled Tuesday evening meetings will allow more of the public to be aware of and informed about these issues. Because these topics are placed on the agenda for the purpose of Board discussion rather than action, there will be no public comment at that time. It is hoped that this will provide more opportunity for public input in and understanding of the critical issues being discussed and decided by this Board.

PUBLIC COMMENT

SPEAKERS

Mr. Donald Wilms, President of the Chesterfield Education Association. Mr. Wilms stated that if the Board wishes to hire and keep teachers, they must pay them a fair wage so that they can provide for their families. He asked that the Board influence the General Assembly to fix the broken funding formula. He asked that the Board help the VEA to convince the state legislators to eliminate the linear-weighted estimator, a statistical tool whose use has resulted in substantial under-funding of instructional personnel salaries and has a broad impact on all school funding.

Mrs. Davis responded that the Virginia School Boards Association, although not part of the coalition, is actively lobbying and working with JLARC on the study of the funding formula. JLARC has met with the staff of the VSBA to talk about funding issues.

Mrs. Michelle Gittens, Clover Hill High School teacher, CEA Board Member, CEA representative and Political Action Committee Chairperson. Mrs. Gittens asked the Board to champion the causes of the CEA. She asked that the Board communicate to the community that CCPS faces personnel shortages for teachers and substitutes because we do not have adequate compensation. She requested that the Board lobby the legislature and speak to principals to help them understand that their teachers are professionals.

Mrs. Davis moved that the School Board go into a closed meeting pursuant to §2.1 344(A)(2) of the Code of Virginia to consider possible suspension or expulsion in Student Cases 2000-2001/17, 2000-2001/20 and 2000-2001/21; possible readmission in Student Cases 1999 2000/09 and 1997-1998/23. Mrs. Pettitt seconded the motion, and the Board entered closed meeting at 9:00 p.m.

Mr. Lenhart moved that the Board end the closed meeting and enter regular session. Mrs. Davis seconded the motion, and the Board entered regular session at 9:45 p.m.

On motion of Mrs. Davis, seconded by Mrs. Pettitt, now, therefore, be it resolved that the School Board hereby certifies that, to the best of each member's knowledge, (i) only public business matters lawfully exempted from open meeting requirements by Virginia law were discussed in the executive session to which this certification resolution applies, and (ii) only such public business
matters as were identified in the motion convening the executive session were heard, discussed, or considered by the School Board.

VOTE:
ABSENT DURING MEETING:
ABSENT DURING EXECUTIVE SESSION:
AYES: Mr. Trammell, Mrs. Davis, Mr. Lenhart, Dr. Schroeder and Mrs. Pettitt


___________________________
Clerk to the Board

Mrs. Davis moved that the School Board uphold the Superintendent's recommendation for expulsion in Student Cases 2000-2001/17, 2000-2001/20 and 2000-2001/21 and his recommendation for readmission in 1997-1998/23. The Board did not uphold the Superintendent's recommendation for readmission in Student Case 1999-2000/09. Mrs. Pettitt seconded the motion, and it was approved unanimously.

There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned at 9:05 p.m.